theories in psyche essays

theories in psyche essays - based on advancements in chemistry and philosophy - introspection: process by which people closely examine their own thoughts - Method of introspection was too restrictive, therefore the good was observations of actual behavior, including animal behavior - Concerned with how behavior and mental abilities help people adapt to their environments - behavior influenced by feelings and wishes buried deep inside - people often unaware of them, therefore these thoughts often contradict those in which we are aware - process of bringing unconscious feelings to the surface - Freud used hypnotism and free association - Ex someone who fears water might be asked to free associate with the word water ( first word that comes to mind-drown) - 1900s Watson argued against introspection as a way of studying behavior - observable behavior should be the only focus of the study - surroundings determine personalities - no such thing as free will, we are not responsible for or actions - ex. Criminal doesnt choose life of crime but rather depends on how person was sharp - B.F. Skinner most famous-he expanded on Watsons Theories - Albert Bandura-behavior is most influenced by observation and imitation - at the same time as behaviorism, this arose in Germany - behaviorists focus on learning and observed behavior - study how five senses help us extract information from the environment - overall shaping of things is determined by how people perceive/interpret series of separate sensations - whole is more important than individual parts - behaviorists oversimplified process of learning - focus on how people perceive, store and interpret information - interested in the way we use our knowledge to fill in the gaps ...